How it works
Indian land units share names but not sizes. A bigha is 27,225 sq ft in the pucca system used in UP and Rajasthan, 14,400 sq ft in West Bengal and Assam, 9,075 sq ft in old Haryana records and 6,806.25 sq ft in Uttarakhand. A katha is 720 sq ft in Kolkata and about 1,361 sq ft in Patna. So this converter asks for the state first.
Units that are fixed by definition (square foot, square metre, gaj or square yard, acre, hectare, cent, decimal and guntha) are the same everywhere. Local units (bigha, biswa, katha, marla, kanal, nali, lessa and others) are shown only for states where we found a government document, a court judgment or a legal definition that gives the value. Where states disagree or a value changes from village to village, the converter says so instead of guessing.
1 bigha in square feet, by state
| State or region | Sq ft | Made of | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Uttar Pradesh (pucca bigha) | 27,225 | 20 biswa; 1.6 bigha = 1 acre | National Water Academy (to check); Government of Rajasthan (to check) |
| Rajasthan (pucca bigha) | 27,225 | 5/8 acre; 165 ft × 165 ft (Shahjahani jarib) | Government of Rajasthan (to check); National Water Academy (to check) |
| Rajasthan (Bikaneri (kachha) bigha) | 16,256.25 | (2 × 63.75 ft)²; about 0.37 acre | Government of Rajasthan (to check) |
| Punjab (66-inch karam (standard)) | 27,225 | 20 biswa; pucca bigha (99-inch karam) | Chief Town Planner (to check); National Water Academy (to check) |
| Haryana (before consolidation (kachha bigha)) | 9,075 | 20 biswa; 4 bigha 16 biswa = 1 acre (57.157-inch karam) | Revenue & Disaster Management Department (to check) |
| Uttarakhand | 6,806.25 | 82.5 ft × 82.5 ft; 20 biswa; 6.4 bigha = 1 acre | Uttarakhand Academy of Administration |
| Bihar (Patna and around) | 27,225 | about 20 kattha | Revenue & Land Reforms Department (to check) |
| West Bengal | 14,400 | 20 katha | Calcutta High Court (to check) |
| Assam | 14,400 | 5 katha; 0.33058 acre | Directorate of Economics & Statistics (to check); Public Works (Roads) Department (to check) |
No single value: Himachal Pradesh (Varies by village; state documents contradict each other (8,611 vs 17,424 sq ft).) Jharkhand (No government figure found.) Gujarat (Varies by region; no government figure found.) Madhya Pradesh (Varies by district; no government figure found.)
ज़मीन नापने की इकाइयाँ राज्य के हिसाब से
बीघा, बिस्वा, कट्ठा, मरला, कनाल और गज जैसी इकाइयों का नाप हर राज्य में अलग होता है। उत्तर प्रदेश और राजस्थान का पक्का बीघा 27,225 वर्ग फुट है, जबकि पश्चिम बंगाल और असम में बीघा 14,400 वर्ग फुट और उत्तराखंड में 6,806.25 वर्ग फुट है। पहले अपना राज्य चुनें, फिर इकाई बदलें।
हर मान के साथ सरकारी दस्तावेज़ या अदालत के फ़ैसले का लिंक दिया गया है। रजिस्ट्री या खरीद-बिक्री से पहले अपनी खतौनी, जमाबंदी या 7/12 में दर्ज क्षेत्रफल ज़रूर देखें।
Standard units (same everywhere)
| Unit | Sq ft | Definition |
|---|---|---|
| Square metre वर्ग मीटर | 10.7639 | 1 m² (1 ft = 0.3048 m exactly) |
| Gaj (square yard) गज | 9 | 1 square yard = 3 ft × 3 ft |
| Acre एकड़ | 43,560 | 43,560 sq ft = 4,840 sq yd |
| Hectare हेक्टेयर | 1,07,639.1 | 10,000 m² |
| Cent सेंट | 435.6 | 1/100 acre |
| Decimal (dismil) डिसमिल | 435.6 | 1/100 acre (called dismil in Bihar, Jharkhand and Odisha) |
| Guntha गुंठा | 1,089 | 1/40 acre = 121 sq yd |
How we source the numbers
A local value is shown only when a state government document, a central government document, a court judgment or a legal definition gives it. Property-portal figures are never used. Where states contradict themselves (Himachal Pradesh) or vary by district (Bihar, UP’s kachha bigha) the converter says so. Your own record of rights is always the final word.
“Read in full” means we read the whole document. “Needs a check from India” means the figure and quote came from a search index of the government page at that link, because Indian government sites refused connections from our research machine; those 14 documents still need opening from an Indian connection to confirm the quote.
Questions people ask
Why does a bigha have different sizes in different states?
The bigha comes from local survey measures that were never standardised nationally. Each area kept the chain or karam length its settlement used, so the same word means 27,225 sq ft in the pucca system, 14,400 sq ft in Bengal and Assam, 9,075 sq ft in old Haryana records and 6,806.25 sq ft in Uttarakhand.
Which value does my land record use?
Your record of rights (khatauni, jamabandi, khatiyan, 7/12 extract or RoR) is the final word. Many states now record area in hectares or acres; if your record shows hectares, convert from that figure rather than from a bigha.
How many square feet is 1 gaj?
1 gaj is 1 square yard, which is 9 square feet (0.8361 square metres). That is the same in every state.
How many marla are in a kanal?
20 marla make 1 kanal in Punjab, Haryana and Jammu & Kashmir, and 8 kanal make 1 acre. On the standard 66-inch karam, 1 marla is 272.25 sq ft and 1 kanal is 5,445 sq ft.
Where do the numbers come from?
From state revenue and town-planning departments, state gazetteers, central government documents, High Court and Supreme Court judgments, and legal unit definitions. Each value shows its source and whether we read the full document or a search extract of it. Property-portal figures are never used as a source.
Is the converter free and private?
Yes. It runs in your browser, needs no sign-up, and nothing you enter is sent anywhere.